This Publication Ethics Statement is based on the Regulation of the Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Number 5 of 2014 concerning the Code of Ethics for Scientific Publication, which upholds three fundamental ethical principles in publication: (i) neutrality, free from conflicts of interest in publication management; (ii) fairness, granting authors the right to claim ownership of their scholarly work; and (iii) integrity, free from duplication, fabrication, falsification, and plagiarism (DF2P) in publication. This publication ethics policy is also aligned with the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

DUTIES OF EDITOR

Our ethic statements are based on COPE’s Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors.

Publication decisions

The editor is responsible for deciding which of the articles submitted to the journal should be published. The editor may be guided by the policies of the journal's editorial board and constrained by such legal requirements as shall then be in force regarding libel, copyright infringement and plagiarism. The editor may confer with other editors or reviewers in making this decision.

Fair play

An editor at any time evaluates manuscripts for their intellectual content without regard to race, gender, sexual orientation, religious belief, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the authors.

Confidentiality

The editorial team must not disclose any information about a submitted manuscript to anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, other editorial advisers, and the publisher, as appropriate.

Disclosure and conflicts of interest

Unpublished materials disclosed in a submitted manuscript must not be used in an editor's own research without the express written consent of the author.

DUTIES OF REVIEWERS

Contribution to Editorial Decisions

Peer review assists the editor in making editorial decisions and through the editorial communications with the author may also assist the author in improving the paper.
Promptness
Any selected referee who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should notify the editor and excuse himself from the review process.

Confidentiality
Any manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. They must not be shown to or discussed with others except as authorized by the editor.

Standards of Objectivity

Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is inappropriate. Referees should express their views clearly with supporting arguments.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Reviewers should identify relevant published work that has not been cited by the authors. Any statement that an observation, derivation, or argument had been previously reported should be accompanied by the relevant citation. A reviewer should also call to the editor's attention any substantial similarity or overlap between the manuscript under consideration and any other published paper of which they have personal knowledge.

Disclosure and Conflict of Interest

Privileged information or ideas obtained through peer review must be kept confidential and not used for personal advantage. Reviewers should not consider manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest resulting from competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with any of the authors, companies, or institutions connected to the papers.

DUTIES OF AUTHORS

Reporting Standards

Authors are required to present accurate results of the research conducted, accompanied by an objective and meaningful discussion. The underlying data must be presented accurately in the manuscript. Articles should contain sufficient information and references to enable other researchers to use the work for further studies. Any deliberate misrepresentation of research results is considered unethical and unacceptable.

Data Access and Retention

Authors are requested to provide the raw data related to the manuscript for editorial review and should be prepared to provide public access to such data where possible (in accordance with the ALPSP-STM Statement on Data and Databases). In any case, authors should be prepared to retain the data for a reasonable period after publication.

Originality and Plagiarism

Authors must ensure that the submitted manuscript is entirely original. If the authors have used the work and/or words of others, these must be appropriately cited and referenced.

Multiple, Redundant, or Concurrent Publication

Authors should not, in general, publish manuscripts describing essentially the same research in more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently is considered unethical and unacceptable.

Acknowledgement of Sources

Proper acknowledgement of the work of others must always be given. Authors should cite all publications that have influenced and contributed to the content of the manuscript.

Authorship

Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made significant contributions should be listed as co-authors. Others who have participated in substantive aspects of the research or writing process should be acknowledged or listed as contributors. The corresponding author must ensure that all appropriate co-authors are included in the manuscript and that all co-authors have seen and approved the final version of the manuscript to be submitted for publication.

Hazards and Human or Animal Subjects

If the research involves hazardous chemicals, procedures, or equipment, the authors must clearly identify these in the manuscript.

Disclosure and Conflicts of Interest

All authors must disclose in the manuscript any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that may influence the results or interpretation of the work. All sources of financial support for the research must also be disclosed.

Fundamental Errors in Published Works

When authors discover significant errors or inaccuracies in their published work, it is their obligation to promptly notify the journal editor or publisher and cooperate with the editor to correct or retract the paper.

After reading this Publication Ethics Statement, authors are requested to download the JEM Agreements. Please sign and submit the Ethics Declaration as part of the initial manuscript submission.